This study examined contraceptive use and dual protection in the postpartum period in a Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) population and whether it varied by HIV status. Pregnant participants were recruited from a government clinic in an urban township and the analytic sample was 821. Following enrollment, participants were tested for HIV and administered a questionnaire at baseline and 14 weeks postpartum. The study concluded that HIV positive status may be a motivating factor for women to use condoms and dual protection.